Silver Book Fact
The estimated direct and indirect cost of heart failure in the U.S. for 2008 is $34.8 billion.
Rosamond W, Flegal K, Furie K, Go A, et al. Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics- 2008 Update. Circulation. 2008; 117. http://circ.ahajournals.org/cgi/content/short/117/4/e25