Silver Book Fact
The estimated direct and indirect cost of cardiovascular disease for 2010 is $503.2 billion in the US.
Lloyd-Jones D, Adams R, Brown T, Carnethon M, et al. Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics- 2010 Update. Circulation. 2010; 121. http://circ.ahajournals.org/cgi/content/extract/121/7/e46