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Stroke  /  Innovative Medical Research

Stroke is the 5th leading cause of death in the U.S. and kills more than 129,000 people each year. Someone in the U.S. has a stroke about once every 40 seconds. People do survive stroke–around 795,000 strokes occur each year and there are an estimated 7 million stroke survivors in the U.S.–but they are often left with significant disabilities.

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    • Total of physician office visits for first-listed stroke patients in 2014
      There were a total of 1,950,000 physician office visits in 2014 for patients first-listed for a stroke diagnosis.  
    • Between 1998 and 2008, the stroke death rate fell 34.8%. The actual number of stroke deaths declined 19.4%.  
    • Savings associated with t-PA treatment for ischemic stroke patients
      A $600 net savings is associated with each ischemic stroke patient treated with t-PA. In 2005, only 2% of all ischemic stroke patients received t-PA. If that percentage was increased…  
    • Stroke prevention through optimal anticoagulation
      If half of atrial fibrillation patients who currently receive warfarin in a routine care setting had their anti-coagulation optimized, around 9,000 strokes and more than 29,000 bleeds would be prevented.  
    • Cost-savings associated with optimal anticoagulation in AFib patients
      If half of all atrial fibrillation patients receiving suboptimal or no anticoagulation instead received optimal anticoagulation, 28,000 strokes could be prevented each year at a savings of around $2.5 billion in direct…  
    • Effectiveness of treating ischemic strokert-PA within 3 hours of symptom onset
      A study of the  victims with effectiveness of treating ischemic strokert-PA within 3 hours of symptom onset showed a decrease in rehabilitation costs of $1.4 million and nursing home costs of…  
    • Per-patient annual cost of treating stroke in atrial fibrillation patients
      The per-patient annual cost of treating stroke in atrial fibrillation patients was found to be $1,485 in a wellcontrolled anti-coagulation clinic, $3,710 for those receiving warfarin in routine medical care,…  
    • Cost of warfarin therapy for AFib patients
      In patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (AF) and one additional stroke risk factor, warfarin therapy cost $8,000 per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) saved.  
    • Anti-platelet therapy stroke risk reduction
      Anti-platelet therapy after a stroke or TIA reduces the risk of nonfatal ischemic strokes by 28% and fatal strokes by 16%.  
    • Aspirin as stroke prevention
      Aspirin reduces stroke rate by 20% in patients with myocardial infarction.  
    • Pioglitazone associated with relative risk reduction in recurrent stroke
      The PROactive trial to manage glucose in diabetics with a history of cardiovascular disease, stroke, or other vascular risk factors found that treatment with pioglitazone was associated with a 47% relative…  
    • Antihypertensive drugs used to reduce stroke recurrence
      Treatment of high blood pressure with antihypertensive drugs is associated with a significant reduction in risk of recurrent stroke.  
    • Lowering blood pressure associated with reduction in stroke risk
      Lowering of blood pressure is associated with a 30% to 40% reduction in stroke risk.  
    • Effectiveness of treating ischemic stroke victims with rt-PA within 3 hours of symptom onset
      A study of the effectiveness of treating ischemic stroke victims with rt-PA within 3 hours of symptom onset found an estimated impact on long-term health outcomes of 564 quality-adjusted life-years saved…  
    • Catheter ablation reduces risk of stroke and death among AFib patients
      Atrial fibrillation patients who underwent catheter ablation had a reduced risk of stroke and death—2.2% of those who had ablation experienced stroke versus 4.7% on medications alone, and 6% died from…  
    • Stroke risk reduction from thrombin inhibitor in AFib patients
      A recently approved direct thrombin inhibitor was found to reduce the risk of stroke/peripheral embolic events in atrial fibrillation patients by 34%, and the risk of hemorrhagic stroke by 74%—compared…  
    • Adjusted-dose warfarin reduced stroke risk in AFib patients
      Meta-analysis of randomized trials found that adjusted-dose warfarin reduced stroke risk in atrial fibrillation patients by 60%. Antiplatelet agents reduced risk by 20%.  
    • Aspirin use in AFib patients
      Meta-analysis of a number of randomized controlled trials found that aspirin use in atrial fibrillation patients reduced stroke risk by an average 22%.  
    • Stroke rates among Afib patients
      In one year, 58,283 of the 1.265 million Medicare beneficiaries with atrial fibrillation that did not receive prophylaxis suffered a stroke. For those who did receive anti-coagulants, 38,468 suffered strokes.  
    • There are 23 medicines in development for stroke, the third leading cause of death after heart disease and cancer.  
    • Following the current path, stroke cases will increase by 28.9% between 2003 and 2023 (estimates do not include strokes among the institutionalized population). If an alternative path is taken, there…  
    • Using medical imaging to diagnose and treat stroke leads to better outcomes and shorter hospital stays, which yields a net economic benefit of about $8 billion over 10 years.  
    • Every additional dollar spent on antiplatelet therapy versus aspirin for the prevention of stroke in high-risk patients, has produced health gains valued between $2 and $6.  
    • Ischemic stroke patients treated with t-PA (a drug used to treat blood clots) within 3 hours of onset are 33% more likely to be free of disability 3 months after…  
    • Without antihypertensive drug therapy, there would have been about 572,000 more hospital discharges for stroke in 2002 and 261,000 more discharges for myocardial infarction.  
    • Increased use of a blood-thinning drug prevents 40,000 strokes every year in the U.S.  
    • Increased use of a blood-thinning drug saves $600 million annually, because of the strokes it prevents.  
    • New approaches are under development to reduce ischemic stroke damage and other damage occuring because of stroke.  
    • A recent data analysis of more than 2,700 stroke patients from the U.S. and Europe confirmed tPA’s effectiveness, which could save the U.S. nearly $50 million a year.  
    • In 1995, an NIH-funded clinical trial established the first FDA-approved treatment for acute ischemic stroke treatment.The drug tPA, if given within 3 hours of stroke symptoms, reduces the risk of…  
    • The age-adjusted stroke mortality rate has decreased 70% since 1950, and 64% since 1972.  
    • Death rates from stroke have decreased from 180.7 per 100,000 persons in 1950, to 56.2 per 100,000 persons in 2002.  
    • The projected economic value of eliminating deaths from stroke is $7.6 trillion.  
    • Greater use of clot-busting drug t-PA in ischemic stroke patients could save the health care system over $100 million a year.  
    • Treating acute stroke with drugs that minimize cell death could result in a median decrease in disability of 30%. Treatment with stem cell transplants could result in a median decrease…  
    • Development of a neuroprotective drug could potentially reduce disability from stroke by 50%.  
    • Effectiveness of pacemaker/defibrillators to control AFib
      Widespread use of pacemaker/defibrillators to control atrial fibrillation could result in a 50% decrease in stroke.  
    • Every additional dollar spent on the overall treatment of stroke has produced health gains valued at $1.55.  
    • Spending $1,000 per year on anticoagulants can save $100,000 in hospital costs for care of a person disabled by a stroke.  
    • Because of reduced mortality rates, the number of stroke survivors who are non-institutionalized increased from 2.0 to 2.4 million between 1980 and 1991.  
    • Between 1980 and 2000, stroke mortality rates fell from 96.2 to 60.8 per 100,000 persons.