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Stroke  /  Human Value

Stroke is the 5th leading cause of death in the U.S. and kills more than 129,000 people each year. Someone in the U.S. has a stroke about once every 40 seconds. People do survive stroke–around 795,000 strokes occur each year and there are an estimated 7 million stroke survivors in the U.S.–but they are often left with significant disabilities.

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    • Between 1998 and 2008, the stroke death rate fell 34.8%. The actual number of stroke deaths declined 19.4%.  
    • Anti-platelet therapy stroke risk reduction
      Anti-platelet therapy after a stroke or TIA reduces the risk of nonfatal ischemic strokes by 28% and fatal strokes by 16%.  
    • Aspirin as stroke prevention
      Aspirin reduces stroke rate by 20% in patients with myocardial infarction.  
    • Pioglitazone associated with relative risk reduction in recurrent stroke
      The PROactive trial to manage glucose in diabetics with a history of cardiovascular disease, stroke, or other vascular risk factors found that treatment with pioglitazone was associated with a 47% relative…  
    • Antihypertensive drugs used to reduce stroke recurrence
      Treatment of high blood pressure with antihypertensive drugs is associated with a significant reduction in risk of recurrent stroke.  
    • Lowering blood pressure associated with reduction in stroke risk
      Lowering of blood pressure is associated with a 30% to 40% reduction in stroke risk.  
    • Effectiveness of treating ischemic stroke victims with rt-PA within 3 hours of symptom onset
      A study of the effectiveness of treating ischemic stroke victims with rt-PA within 3 hours of symptom onset found an estimated impact on long-term health outcomes of 564 quality-adjusted life-years saved…  
    • Catheter ablation reduces risk of stroke and death among AFib patients
      Atrial fibrillation patients who underwent catheter ablation had a reduced risk of stroke and death—2.2% of those who had ablation experienced stroke versus 4.7% on medications alone, and 6% died from…  
    • Stroke risk reduction from thrombin inhibitor in AFib patients
      A recently approved direct thrombin inhibitor was found to reduce the risk of stroke/peripheral embolic events in atrial fibrillation patients by 34%, and the risk of hemorrhagic stroke by 74%—compared…  
    • Adjusted-dose warfarin reduced stroke risk in AFib patients
      Meta-analysis of randomized trials found that adjusted-dose warfarin reduced stroke risk in atrial fibrillation patients by 60%. Antiplatelet agents reduced risk by 20%.  
    • Aspirin use in AFib patients
      Meta-analysis of a number of randomized controlled trials found that aspirin use in atrial fibrillation patients reduced stroke risk by an average 22%.  
    • Stroke rates among Afib patients
      In one year, 58,283 of the 1.265 million Medicare beneficiaries with atrial fibrillation that did not receive prophylaxis suffered a stroke. For those who did receive anti-coagulants, 38,468 suffered strokes.  
    • Ischemic stroke patients treated with t-PA (a drug used to treat blood clots) within 3 hours of onset are 33% more likely to be free of disability 3 months after…  
    • Without antihypertensive drug therapy, there would have been about 572,000 more hospital discharges for stroke in 2002 and 261,000 more discharges for myocardial infarction.  
    • Increased use of a blood-thinning drug prevents 40,000 strokes every year in the U.S.  
    • In 1995, an NIH-funded clinical trial established the first FDA-approved treatment for acute ischemic stroke treatment.The drug tPA, if given within 3 hours of stroke symptoms, reduces the risk of…  
    • The age-adjusted stroke mortality rate has decreased 70% since 1950, and 64% since 1972.  
    • Death rates from stroke have decreased from 180.7 per 100,000 persons in 1950, to 56.2 per 100,000 persons in 2002.  
    • Because of reduced mortality rates, the number of stroke survivors who are non-institutionalized increased from 2.0 to 2.4 million between 1980 and 1991.  
    • Between 1980 and 2000, stroke mortality rates fell from 96.2 to 60.8 per 100,000 persons.